A wide range and precise active and reactive power flow. Fuel cell engine technology hydrogen fuel cell engines and related technologies. Dynamics of lowpressure and highpressure fuel cell air supply systems. Fuel cells incorporate an anode and a cathode, with an electrolyte in between, similar to a battery. Transient behavior is a key requirement for the success of fuel cell vehicles. Fuel cell power systems fuel cell systems provide a more ecofriendly form of backup power for uninterruptible power supplies and standby power systems, than traditional sealed lead acid batteries. Smart, connected fuel cell solutions that allow customers to reach the gold standard of operational efficiency. Simplified and efficient integration of unidirectional dcdc converter. The air supply system, which provides the oxygen for the fuel cell stack, is one of the most important subsystems of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell pemfc. Ieee transactions on control systems technology, 152. Maximum efficiency point tracking control for fuel cell. Congress passed an expansion and extension to the 2005 fuel cell tax credits to be available for purchases of fuel cells before december 2016.
On the other hand, in pemfc systems where the hydrogen is supplied not from a compressed tank but directly from a fuel processor unit using natural gas, a mimo control system where the hydrogen level in the fuel cell anode and temperature of the catalytic partial oxidation are controlled by manipulating the natural gas and humidified air flows. Design of power system control in hybrid electric vehicle. Principles, modeling, analysis and feedback design, authorjay t. Mcfc power plant a model of a direct mcfc stack is investigated as part of an ongoing study of autonomous plantwide and distributed generation control of fuel cell power plants. A fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through an electrochemical. Pdf control algorithm of fuel cellbattery hybrid vehicular power. Power conditioning, control and energy management by hani fadali a thesis presented to the university of waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of master of applied science in electrical and computer engineering waterloo, ontario, canada, 2008 hani fadali 2008. Control of pem fuel cell distributed generation systems article pdf available in ieee transactions on energy conversion 212. At fuel cell abnormality, a power control signal b status of display a b figure 9. Modeling and control of hybrid wind photovoltaicfuel cell distributed generation systems by caisheng wang a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of doctor of philosophy in engineering montana state. In this paper, we develop a dynamic model suitable for the control study of fuel cell systems. Fuelcell system is a thermodynamic device that converts the energy of chemical reaction directly into electricity and heat, thus producing efficiently power with a finite rate. Fuel cell power systems alterntive energy backup solutions. Fuel cell systems offer clean and efficient energy production and are currently under intensive development by several manufacturers for both.
Modeling and control of fuel cell systems and fuel processors. A maximum efficiency point tracking mept controller is designed based on extremum seeking control. Since publication of the first edition of fuel cell systems explained, three compelling drivers have supported the continuing development of fuel cell technology. Power conditioning, control and energy management by hani fadali a thesis presented to the university of waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of master of applied science in electrical and computer engineering waterloo, ontario, canada, 2008. Principles, modeling, analysis and feedback design. In order to improve the performance of the air supply, a small rechargeable lithium. Control of fuel cell power systems principles, modeling.
A decoupled controller for fuel cell hybrid electric power split. The objective of this paper is to propose a novel control strategy to maximize the efficiency of fuel cell power generation. Understanding of integrated fuel cell and hybrid fuel cell gas turbine system dynamics fuel cell systems gas turbine systems solar and wind power systems batteries, ultracapacitors, inverters, other energy storage or conversion devices as integrated into systems dynamic models of fuel cell physics, chemistry, electrochemistry. Balance of plant components include pumps, compressors, heat exchangers, motors, controllers and batteries. Pdf modeling and control of fuel cellbattery hybrid power. The focus of this paper is on controlling the power output delivered to an electric motor from a fuel cell through a dcdc converter. The viability, efficiency, and robustness of this technology depend on understanding, predicting, and controlling the unique transient behavior of the fuel cell system. Power conditioning and control of fuel cell systems. Simplifying control strategies with loaddependent voltage. The electric drive converts the energy into motion.
Control of fuel cell power systems university of michigan. The compromise can be mitigated by augmenting the fuel cell power system with an energy buffer such as a battery. Nonlinear mpc controller design for air supply of pem fuel. At lithiumion battery abnormality, a power control signal b status of display figure 10 is the complete with the hybrid electric vehicle. Foreword abs recognizes the increasing use of fuel cells in the marine and offshore industries and their benefits. The fuel cellelectric drive system is an economical and attractive technology for mobility with zero local emissions. The fuel cell electric drive system is an economical and attractive technology for mobility with zero local emissions. The fuel cell system that has been studied for ts prolific is intended to be silent rather than environmentally benign. In control of fuel cell power systems the application of fuel cells in automotive powertrains is emphasized because of the significance of the contribution to global co 2 emissions made by ground vehicle propulsion and because of the challenge presented by the accompanying control problems. A fuel cell electric vehicle is an electrically driven vehicle in which electricity is generated by a fuel cell using hydrogen as an energy source. The fuel cell system power response is limited only by the air and hydrogen feed.
Whereas studies about the design of fuel cell systems and the electrochemical properties of their components abound in the open literature, there has been only a minor interest, albeit growing, in dynamics and control of fuel cells. Fuel cell vehicle control fuel cell control laboratory. The problem of greenhouse gas particularly carbon dioxide release during power generation in fixed and mobile systems is widely acknowledged. Fuel cell power system with selfregulating control of parasitic loads. To compete with the ice engines, however, fuel cell systems must operate and function at least as well as conventional engine.
This presentation does not contain any proprietary, confidential, or otherwise restricted information. Control of fuel cell power systems principles, modeling, analysis. The components of these systems are basically the same as those for the gridconnected system, except that the system serves independent loads and is not. Deploying endtoend hydrogen fueling stations to accelerate global adoption of hydrogen fuel cell solutions. They are widely regarded as a potential future stationary and mobile power source. Monitoring and controlling fuel cell stack system for safety and efficiency. Stefanopoulou and huei peng, year2004 1 background and introduction. Principles, modeling, analysis, and feedback design topics covered include the fuel cell stack and auxiliary components of a fuel cell system model, air flow control for fuel cell cathode oxygen reactant, and control of natural gas fuel processor.
Optimal power control of hybrid fuel cell systems for an accelerated system warmup. Energy optimization in process systems and fuel cells third edition, 2018. To fulfill the transient requirement in vehicle propulsion and portable fuel cell applications, a fuel cell stack is typically coupled with a battery through a dcdc converter to form a hybrid power system. The authors comprehensive controloriented approach. As an emerging technique, the need of advanced control systems, which are essential components that guarantee reliable and efficient operations for the power plant, has motivated this investigation. Pdf modeling and control for pem fuel cell stack system. Because the grid voltage is constantly changing, the inverter must be able to response to it. Pdf control of pem fuel cell distributed generation systems. The information in this document is the property of lg fuel cell systems inc. Standalone fuel cell systems have applications in remote areas and islands, as backup power, and in transportation. Mehrdad ehsani the purpose of this thesis is to design hardware and a control strategy for a fuel cellbattery. Analysis, modeling, and validation for the thermal dynamics of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell system. This is currently the least studied aspect of control of fuel cells, but also one of its most important issues. A closedloop dynamic model for the current control loop of the gridtie inverter has been developed.
Fuel cell power systems for marine and offshore applications. Fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles hydrogen fuel cell engines and related technologies. Dynamics, optimization and control of a fuel cell based combined heat power chp system for shipboard. Following state of theart architecture regarding system redundancy in order to allow implementation of the system on the highest safety level. Control of fuel cell power systems semantic scholar. Design of a control strategy for a fuel cellbattery hybrid power supply. Fuel cells generate power from a chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen whose only emission is water and some heat. Fuel cell systems offer clean and efficient energy production and are currently under intensive development by several manufacturers for both stationary and mobile applications. A fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy from a. A fuel cellelectric vehicle is an electrically driven vehicle in which electricity is generated by a fuel cell using hydrogen as an energy source. Ieee transactions on control systems technology, 1.
Request pdf modeling, analysis and control of fuel cell hybrid power systems transient performance is a key characteristic of fuel cells, that is sometimes more critical than efficiency, due. Model analysis validated in field experiment testing. Transient performance is a key characteristic of fuel cells, that is sometimes more critical than efficiency, due to the importance of accepting unpredictable electric loads. At various loads and power status measure the fuel cell and the.
In many cases, standard offtheshelf components are just not suitable for use in. Relions forward thinking design philosophy results in fuel cell power solutions that give the customer a highly reliable, costeffective and clean energy solution with a seamless upgrade path, maximizing initial investments in fuel cell systems, and dramatically reducing. Develop a 65% peakefficient, direct hydrogen fuel cell power system for. We consider two different and popular ways of connecting the battery and the fuel cell to the load and we refer to them as electric architectures. Parasitic power refers to power required for internal system. Pdf 434 kb economic analysis of stationary pemfc systems, harry j. Many publications have discussed the importance and the need for a welldesigned control system for fuel cell power. Pdf a nonlinear fuel cell system dynamic model that is suitable for control study is. If the inverter is unable to respond properly, then the grid voltage power comes back to the system and damages the fuel cell power conditioning systems.
Innovators at nasa s johnson space center jsc have developed a method for efficiently controlling parasitic power in fuel cell systems. Fuel cells are very multidisciplinary systems, where electrical engineering. Following stateoftheart architecture regarding system redundancy in order to allow implementation of the system on the highest safety level. Hydrogen will be used for generating electrical energy using fuel cell. Pdf in this paper, a control strategy for a vehicular power system combined with a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and a battery energy system. Optimal stationary fuel cell integration and control energy. Fuel cell control unit fccu integrated circuits and. Maximum efficiency point tracking control for fuel cell power. Control of natural gas catalytic partial oxidation for hydrogen generation in fuel cell applications.
Modeling, analysis and control of fuel cell hybrid power systems. Fuel processor control and power generation fuel cell. Modeling, analysis and control of fuel cell hybrid power. The response of a fuel cell system depends on the air and hydrogen feed, flow and pressure regulation, and heat and water management. Fuel cells battery power systems bps quality dc power. This system should be capable of delivering the needed.
Next step maritime fuel cell generator will be field tested at scripps institution of. Power conditioning and control of fuel cell systems springerlink. Stationary fuel cell power systems with direct fuelcell. A control system, based on power electronics, to integrate the fuel cells and the generator into a hybrid system were thought of. The material used for the electrolyte and the design of the supporting structure determine the type and performance of the fuel cell. The results show that the control strategy proposed reduces not only temperature rise in the catalyst layer but also the parasitic power needed for operation of the. The development of fuel cell technology, an alternative energy source, involves direct conversion of chemical energy to electrical energy through a controlled chemical reaction. Dynamic simulator and controls for a pem fuel cell power system. Various controller gains are used to span the fuel cell operation from loadfollowing.
The software written for this thesis is attached to the pdf version of this thesis. Block diagram of a standalone fuel cell system is shown in figure 6. Fuel cell systems provide a more ecofriendly form of backup power for uninterruptible power supplies and standby power systems, than traditional sealed lead acid batteries. A hybrid fuel cell with gas turbine power plant was envisioned as a baseload power source for distributed generation.
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